**Key Points:** - While about 20% of the total Neanderthal …

**Key Points:**
- While about 20% of the total Neanderthal genome survives in modern human populations worldwide, any individual person only carries a few percentage points
- Most of this Neanderthal-derived DNA is non-coding "junk" DNA with limited biological function
- The interbreeding occurred primarily between 47,000-65,000 years ago, with some earlier episodes around 250,000 years ago
- Evidence suggests most interbreeding was between Neanderthal males and modern human females