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The Bandim Health Project also discovered some interesting potential unintended effects of non-live vaccines. They found evidence to suggest that some non-live vaccines, such as the DTP vaccine (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis), might actually be associated with increased overall mortality in certain circumstances, particularly in females. This is potentially due to what is known as "non-specific effects" or "heterologous effects", where a vaccine doesn't just affect the diseases it is targeting, but also impacts the overall responsiveness of the immune system in other ways. However, these findings are complex and have been a subject of much debate in the scientific community, meaning more research is needed to fully understand the implications.