An action potential occurs when a neuron sends information …
An action potential occurs when a neuron sends information down an axon, away from the cell body. The action potential is an explosion of electrical activity that is created by a depolarizing current.
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It consists of four phases; hypopolarization, depolarization, overshoot, and repolarization. An action potential propagates along the cell membrane of an axon until it reaches the terminal button.
The most famous example of action potentials are found as nerve impulses in nerve fibers to muscles. Neurons, or nerve cells, are stimulated when the polarity across their plasma membrane changes.