- “But miners orphan invalid blocks without consulting othe…

- “But miners orphan invalid blocks without consulting others”
- For one-off mistakes, yes: miners’ own full nodes reject and other miners don’t build on them.
- The adversarial case is coordinated deviation. If a cartel of miners adopts modified rules (extra subsidy, selective censorship), only non-mining economic validators can credibly refuse those blocks for deposits/payments. That market veto forces miners to revert or mine an economically worthless fork. Without widespread validators, there is no veto beyond hashpower majority.