[48] Nutritional Problems in Modern Life 1/ In practical te…

[48] Nutritional Problems in Modern Life
1/
In practical terms, nutrition means supplying the body with the foods it nees. But if we try to observe this subject more in detail, it's not so simple and this implies a consideration of several phases such as the es-sential nutrients containing in the foods, the physiology of ea-ch nutrients and the balance of every nutrients in order to maintain the desirable health of our body.

The health of our body entirely depends on what we eat and the substances ab-sorbed play not only the physi-ological roles but also the role of body building elements.

2/
The problem of nutrition is considered very important sin-ce ancient time but in the past, this problem was mainly insist-ed in malnutrition aspects due to the lack of food supply in relation to the population and agricultural development pro-blems, However, at present, the situation is entirely changed except some undeveloped coun-tries that many of us are suf-fering from various physical disorder due to the overnutri-tion or unbalanced nutrition.

Especially, in the highly develo-ped countries where the people consume the large proportion of meat in the diet, we can find more patients than in the others.

3/
Even in our country, recently, the consumption of meat and processed meat products and also fatty foods are increasing rapidly and inevitably the number of patients of adult diseases such as obesity, diabete, hyper-tension, cancer ete. is increa-sing too.

In nutrition the balancing is the most important factor for well being and in it, we cancon-sider the two kinds of balan-cing; one is the balance of energy intake and the latter is the quantitative balance be-tween different nutrients such as carbohydrate-lipid balance, energy-protein balance, aminoacid balance, fatty acid balance, vitamin balance, mineral bal-ance etc.

4/
The balance of energy intake means the quantity of digesti-ble carbohydrate and lipid in-take corresponding the daily consumption of energy by our body. If the daily intake of e-nergy exceeds the daily con-sumption, naturally, the exceed-ed energy would accumulate in our body as fat form for future use. And of the accumulation continue for long period, it lead to become a fatty body.

So it is essential, in nutrition, that first of all, one should take the proper quantity of energy to keep the constant body weight.




5/
And the next, the balance between different nutrients means all the other necessary nutrients for body such as pro-teins, vitamins, minerals etc. should be in proper proportion with the energy intake to en-sure the complete substancial metabolism of our body.
So even we take the proper quantity of evergy, if the dificiency of some of other nutrients occurs, it's natural that substancial metabolism would not be com-plete and the accumulation of such phenomena stimulate cer-tain disorder in physiology of our body.





6/
In moden life, following the economical development of the country, our diet pattern is changed and changing consi-derably to satisfy the sensorial preference and the nees for new life pattern of the people.

If we try to analyse, the cha-racteristics of the recent ten-dency of diet pattern, we could summerize them as followings;

1) increase of cristal sugar consumption
2) increased con-sumption of refined foods
3) consumption of small quantity high energy foods 4) increased consumption of animal origine foods.


7/
Now we can study on the obove characteristics in detail, how they effect to our body in the nutritional view point.

The first, the increase of sugar consumption-the sugar itself is the energy food with-out impurity and the consump-tion of sugar stimulate con-siderably the appetite. So the consumption of lots of sugar accelerate exceed energy in-take which result in obesity.
The second, the increased consumption of refined foods such as completely miled ce-reals, refined oil and fat, star-ches, protein isolates, refined salts, refined sugars etc.- ge-nerally in the crude part of food contains much more vita-mins and minerals than in fine part.
8/
For example, the rice which is the main ceral in our diet, the content of vitamin B in brown rice is fitty times bigger than in completely miled rice. And also all the refined foods contain little vita-mins and minerals. So the con-sumption of refined foods inevi-tably lead to serious deficiency of vitamins and minerals which play primordial importance in the physiology of the body.

Th third, the consumption of small quantity high energy foods- it's evident that if we consume the energy concent-rated food with high content of fat, we could satisfy very quickly the energy demand with small quantity, however, it's far from the satisfaction in vi-tamins and minerals require-ment in quentity.
9/
The fourth, the increased consumption of animal origin foods- in nutritional view-point, it's necessary to eat the animal protein inorder to im-prove the biological value of protein diet, but, the comusmp-tion…