2. **Scattering by Molecules**: As this light enters the Ea…

2. **Scattering by Molecules**: As this light enters the Earth's atmosphere, it interacts with molecules like nitrogen and oxygen. These molecules scatter the shorter, blue wavelengths more than the longer, red wavelengths. This is because the intensity of light scattered by small particles (like air molecules) is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the wavelength (Rayleigh's formula).